Combined freight and dump car



PATENTED JAN. 26, 1904.

' A. LIPSOHUTZ.

COMBINED FREIGHT AND DUMP OAR.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 9, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

PATENTED JAN. 26, 1904.

4 SHEBTSSHEET 2.

A. LIPSOHUTZ.

COMBINED FREIGHT AND DUMP GAR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB, 9, 1903.

NO MODEL.

o o o o o a w 11 K R 1 m u o Q o o o o 1|! 0 o o o m n o 11 o 0 Ii 0 e||I y o o o MH W M v on ho Jon oo v o o a o o o w I 011 1 m I I; o o o o\1\ I N o 0 c 0 r t o 0 Q 1 0 ww N a o W 0 Milk! I O O O No. 750,670.PATENTED JAN. 26, 1904.

A. LIPSGHUTZ. COMBINED FREIGHT AND DUMP CAR.

7 APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

No. 760,670. PATENTED JAN. 26, 1904.

A. LIPSGHUTZ.

COMBINED FREIGHT AND DUMP CAR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

60' 5706 s 5 Z WW yw d I UNITED STATES Patented January 26, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR LIPSCHUTZ, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF TVVO-THIRDS TO MAXTOLTZ, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, AND H. IV. INOLFF, OF ST.

LOUIS, MISSOURI.

COMBINED FREIGHT AND DUMP CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 750,670, dated January26,1904. Application filed February 9, 1903. Serial No. 142,453. (Nomodel.)

To (all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR LIPSCHUTZ, of the city of St. Louis, State ofMissouri, have invented a certain new, useful, and Improved 5 CombinedFreight and Dump Car, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to railroad-cars, and has special reference tofreight-cars that may be employed as dump-cars for carrying and Idistributing material, such as sand, gravel,

coal, coke, and the like.

The object of my invention is provide a car that may be used as afreight-car or as a dumpcar and which shall be free from the objec- Itionable features that are present in all other combination-cars.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a self-cleaningdump-car upon the opening of the doors of which the whole contents ofthe car will be discharged, shoveling being avoided.

Another particular object of the invention is to provide a dump-car thatshall have. a level flat bottom to accommodate any sort of 5 freight,being unobstructed by ridges, depressions, or hoppers.

Another special object of the invention is to provide a dumping-carhaving a level floor and which shall be of uniform cross-section 3throughout the extent of the underframe to the end that the capacity ofthe car shall be as great in the portions over the trucks as at thecenter of the car.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dump-car the floor ofwhich shall be substantially wholly composed-of large dropdoors, and,furthermore, to provide a combination-car that may take the form of aflatcar, a coal-car, a coke-car, or a box-car with- 4 out change in itsunderframe or floor.

The general object of the invention is to provide a combined freight anddump car of simple construction,capable of being easily repaired ifdamaged, and which may be built at less cost than other cars adapted forthe general purposes mentioned.

A further object of the invention is to provide a combination-car ofsuch construction as to permit of the employment of any style or type oftrucks and which shall not require special constructions or applicationsof brake mechanisms.

My invention consists generally in a combined freight and dump car thefloor of which from end sill to end sill is substantially wholly 5'5composed of drop-doors, which being'opened permit the discharge of thewhole load of the car.

My invention further consists in a car of the class described, theunderframe of Which comprises suitable body-bolsters or cross-girders,in combination with side girders, a pinrality of cross-beams extendingbetween said side girders, and a plurality of doors or traps filling theopenings between the beams and 6 5 girders and constituting the floor ofthe car.

My invention specifically consists in a car having an underframecomposed of side sills or girders in combination with cross-beamsextending between said girders, an articulated 7 center sill extendingfrom end to end of the car, and a plurality of doors hinged upon saidcenter sill and constituting the floor of the car.

My invention consists, further and specifically, in a-car having itsunderframe composed of rectangularly-arranged longitudinal andcross-girders, provided with floor plates or flanges and doors closingupward beneath said flanges, making tight joints therewith and havingtheir surfaces in the plane of the tops of said flanges, and myinvention consists, further, in various details of construction and incombination of parts, all as hereinafter described, and particularlypointed out in'the claims. 8 5

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and inwhich Figure 1 is a plan View of substantially one- 9 half of a combinedfreight and dump car embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevationthereof. Fig. 3 is'a vertical longitudinal section substantially on theline 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged end view of the ear. Fig. 5 is asimilarly-enlarged cross-section substantiallyon the line 5 of Figs. 1,2, and 3. Fig. 6 is a similar section on the line 6 of Figs. 1 and 2.Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section on the line 7 of Fig. 1, and Fig.Sis a similar detail showing the construction in wood. 7 v

The advantages that are sought in cars of the class mentioned aresubstantially these: a perfectly level floorthat is, a floor withoutobstructions or depressions; vertical sides and ends that may be reducedorincreased in height, according to the use to which the car is to beput; a car-body of the same length as the underframe, whereby loss ofload capacity is avoided, as compared with those cars in which thecar-body is located between the ends of the underframe, starting at aconsiderable distance from said ends; drop-doors, by which the entireload of the car can be dumped without shoveling; doors of great sizethat will permit the passage of large rocks or chunks of ore or coal;few convertible parts, none, if possible, aside from the doors whichconstitute the floor; adaptability for use as flat, coal, coke, or boXcar without reference to the character of the car-floor; simple andstrong floor construction, having drop parts which at all times normallyenter into the floor structure-that is, parts which are at no time extraor superfluous members, their functions being constant without referenceto the character of the load, and, finally, great simplicity and economyof construction.

While other combination-ears may and have possessed one or more of thefeatures and functions above enumerated, each contains objectionablefeatures, such as elevated or inclined ends, floor-ridges, or a reducedbody or permanent level floor parts, or convertible tilting floor parts,all of which either reduce the load capacity of the car or restrict theload to certain materials, reducing the earning capacity of the car as aunit or largely increasing the cost of constructing and maintaining thecar. The ordinary combination freight and dump cars are alsoobjectionable by reason of their great-weight, increasing thedead-weight to be hauled.

I conceive that the greatest number of desirable features and advantagesattainable in a single car may be secured through simplification of carconstruction rather than by the addition of unique unusual structures orconvertible movable members. My invention proceeds upon this conception,and the gist of the invention resides in the combination of side girderssuitably supported upon the trucks and with a plurality of shortcross-beams constituting the underframe of the car. The floor ofthis'car is composed of a large number of drop or trap doors or members,preferably normally in a horizontal plane, though, if desired, they maybe inclined in either direction from the center or axial line of theunderframe.

Vhile my invention is not limited thereto, I prefer the embodiment andconstruction illustrated in the drawings because of its simplicity,lightness, and cheapness. Again, while herein illustrated as anall-steel car my invention is equally well adapted for construction inwood. The main carrying members of the car are the side girders orsills. These are preferably the side plates or girders 2 2, which formparts of the underframe, and the sides of the car-body, obviouslyI-beams or channels or pressed shapes, may be substituted and, in fact,are used when a simple fiat-car is required. These side girders 2 2 arejoined by a number of cross beams or sills 3 3, which have difi'erentforms at the center of the car, over the trucks, and at the ends. Thecrossbeams directly over the trucks serve as bolsters and are heavierthan the cross-beams at the ends and middle of the car. The center ormiddle cross-beams are simple I-beams, having plates at their ends, by.which they are secured to the gusset-plates 4, depending from the sides2, and strengthened by the upright bars or stakes 5. The cross-beams 3'over the trucks constitute the body-bolsters of the car and areconstructed accordingly. Their detailed construction being unimportantto this invention need not be specifically defined.- The end cross-beams3 are preferably built of angled plates heavily trussed and serving asthe bufier or end sills of the underframe. It will be noted that anyload placed upon the center cross-beams or the end cross-beams will betransmitted to the bolster cross-beams by the side sills, girders, orplates.

ous or spliced center sill I use an articulated sill 6, composed oflight sections of sills 7 of small cross-section, arranged between theseveral cross beams 3 and having their ends abutted against and securedupon TGSPQCEiXG cross-beams. Such is the construction of the center sillbetweenthe bolsters. Beyond the bolstersthat is, between the bolstersand the end sillsthe center sill is divided. to form casings for thedraft-riggings. The construction of these ends of the center sill orgirder is indicated in Figs. 2, 3, and 6, wherein itwill be seen that Iprefer to make each end in the form of a short box-girder 7, containingthe draft-rigging 8 and securely fastened between the end sill and thebody-bolster'beamB'.

9 represents the top or cover plate of the end box-girder portion'of thecenter sill and this is preferably continued throughout the length ofthe car, forming, with the portion or narrow plate 9, a continuous-platechord upon the top of the center sill. The crossplates l0 10 upon thetops of the cross-beams have their surfaces in the same plane with theplates 9 9, and all of these plates extend over or overhang theunderlying beams, sills, or girders, whereon they are secured. Theiredges therefore constitute stops for the floordoors of the car. Thehorizontal flanges of the angle-bars 11 constitute equivalent stops forthe doors upon the sides of the car.

Because the cross sills or beams are very short they may be of lightweight and small cross-section and yet sustain a heavy load between thesides of the car. For the same reason the cross-beams may be few innumber, and hence it is possible to provide very large openings betweenthe longitudinal and transverse girders or sills which make up theunderframe.

The arrangem ent of the parts is symmetrical throughout thelength of thecar and the openings are of-substantially the same size throughout, theonly exceptions being the end dooropenings, which are somewhat narrowerbecause of the greater width of the box-girder ends of the articulatedcenter sill. A single door 12 is provided for each opening. This door isa fiat plate that is strengthened by angled or flanged bars 12 at itsedges. At the outer edge of the door the angle-bar may be flush with theedge of the door-plate, but upon the other edges of the plate theangle-bars project far enough to close the cracks between the edges ofthe plate and the adjacent floorplates 9 10. As illustrated, the doorcloses tightly upward against the under surfaces of the overhangingfloor-plates 9 10, and the side flanges 11, making a tight level floorfor the car. The doors may be hinged either to the side sills or to thecenter sills, (I prefer the latter) and, as shown, the center-sillsections 7 and the doors or, if desired, the cross-- beams and the doorsare provided with hinged lugs 12", secured by suitable hinged bolts orpins 13. The free ends of the doors are supported by chains 1 1, securedupon the winding-shafts 15, or by any other suitable means, as bylatches. Stop-chains may be applied to all the doors, if desired, tolimit their fall; but as the doors are usually of less width than thedistance between the center sill and the railroad-track I prefer todispense with stopchains upon the center or middle doors of the car anduse the same only upon the doors which are above the trucks. In theseplaces the stop-chains prevent the doors from striking upon the wheelsand are therefore useful.

It will be observed that as the end doors four over each truckhave alimited fall plenty of space is left beneath them for the draft-riggingand for the air-brake and handbrake mec'hanisms, which may occupy theirusual positions. The connecting-rod16 of the brake mechanism. ispreferably arranged directly beneath the center sill, so that it doesnot interfere with the fall of the middle doors of the car.

The coal-car or gondola shown in the drawings has its sides composed ofthe side girders 2. Its ends 17 are preferably pivoted and provided withlooks, as shown in Fig. 4, in order that the same may be thrown down topermit the carrying of long beams or poles that extend from one car toanother. These end doors preferably have nothing to do with the dumpingof the load. The upper edges of the car-body sides and ends arepreferably strengthened by the usual angles, and it is obvious that thesides and ends of the car may be extended by any desired superstructureto convert the car into a coke-car or a box-car.

In constructing my car of wood the foregoing lines are preserved, andthe doors, whether of wood or metal, make tight joints with the fixedportions of the car-floor, as indicated in Fig. 8. I prefer in makingthe Wooden car to notch the center sill and cross girder-s or beams,thereby gaining the advantage of a substantially continuous center sill.The essential feature to be retained in all cases is the lightunderframe composed of girders or sills that have narrow tops and whichare separated by large distances, whereby upon the dropping of the doorsthe whole contents of the car will be discharged. The small quantitiesof material that will finally lodge upon the narrow tops of the centerand cross sills are negligible in estimating the efliciency of the car.It will be obvious that a continuous metal center sill may be treated ina similar manner or may be placed beneath. the crossbeams.

I desire also that my invention shall includ the construction in whichthe center sill is placed on top of the beams,which extend from side toside of the car. In this case I should employ a V-shaped sill, thoughregarding its use asgenerally objectionable.

tions of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled inthe art, I do not confine the invention to the specific constructionsherein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- .1. A freight-car, having its floor. substantiallywholly composed of a single set of dropdoors and narrow floor-plates inthe plane of said doors, means being provided for holding the doors intheir normal positions, substantially as described. p

2. A freight-car, having its floor substantially wholly composed ofasingle set of dropdoors and narrow floor-plates, in a singlehori- Zontalplane, substantially as described.

3. A combined freight and dump car, having a. suitable center sill andhaving a straight level floor substantially wholly composed of aplurality of narrow floor-plates and a single set of drop-doors arrangedin two series, one series on each side ofsaid center sill,substantially-as described.

4. A combined freight and dump car provided with parallel side girdersand having a straight, level floor substantially wholly composed ofnormally horizontal doors, hinged parallel with and adjacent to thelongitudinal axis of the car and having their free ends supported fromsaid girders, substantially as described.

5. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the trucks, incombination with the body-bolsters, the side girders supported upon saidbolsters, cross-beams each extending from side girder to side girder anda plurality of doors arranged between said cross-beams, said cross-beamstransmitting the loads of said doors from the center of the car to saidside girders, substantially as described.

6. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the trucks, incombination with the side sills or girders, the cross-beams extendingbetween said girders, two thereof being the body-bolsters, horizontalfloor-plates secured from the tops of said beams and the car-floorcomposed of a plurality of dropdoors hinged between said beams,substantially as described.

7. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the trucks, incombination with the body-bolsters, having horizontal tops, the sidegirders supported on said bolsters, the

end and .cross beams parallel with said bolsters and the normallyhorizontal level carfloor made in sections and detachably supportedbetween said beams, substantially as described.

8. A combined freight and dump car body, comprising the parallel centerand side sills or girders, in combination with the body-bolsters, theend and cross sills extending between the side girders and supportingsaid nation'with the widely-spaced cross beams or girders extending fromside to side of the car and the series of drop-doors constituting thefloor of-the car-body andextending from end to end thereof,substantially as described.

.11. A combined freight and dump car body, comprising the vertical sidesand ends, in combination with a plurality of cross-girders parallel withsaid ends and supported by said sides, the articulated or sectionalcenter girder, supported by said cross-beams and extending between saidends, and a plurality of dropdoors arranged between said girders and thesides and ends, substantially as described.

12. A combined freight and dump car, comprising suitable sides and ends,in combination with a plurality of cross-girders extending between saidsides, a center girder, the tops of said girders being in substantiallythe same plane, the overhanging floor-plates provided thereon and thedrop-doors normally flush with said plates and provided withjointclosing flanges, substantially as described.

13. A combined freight and dump car, comprising suitable sides and ends,in combination with a plurality of cross-beams extending between saidsides, the longitudinal girdersections attached to the ends andcross-girders, the series of doors upon each side of the center girderconstituted by said longitudinal sections and means for normallysupporting the same to constitute the car-floor and for dropping them todischarge the contents of the car, substantially as described.

1 1. A combined freight and dump car, comprising parallel girder sides,in combination with a plurality of CIOSSrflIClQI'S extending betweensaid sides,'two thereof being the bodybolsters, the normally verticalhinged ends and car-floor composed of a series of dropdoors arrangedbetween said cross-girders and extending from end to end of the car,substantially as described.

15. A combined freight and dump car, comprising suitable sides and ends,a plurality of cross-beams parallel with said ends, a suitable centergirder or sill having draft-rigging connections at its ends, the trucks,the brake mechanism arranged beneath said center sill and the series orrows of drop-doors suitably supported between said cross-beams, those atthe ends of the car above the trucks being limited as to downwardmovement, substantially as described.

16. A combined freight and dump car, havinga longitudinal beam extendingthroughout the length of the car, in combination with side girderssupporting said longitudinal beam and the drop-bottom doors hingedparallel with said longitudinal beam, substantially as described.

17. A combined freight and dump car, comprising suitable sides and ends,in combination with a plurality of cross beams or girders, thedrop-doors hinged midway of said cross-beams and having free endsnormally supported from said sides and adapted to drop paralleltherewith, substantially as described.

18. A combined freight and dump car, having drop-bottom doors hingedfrom a beam or beams extending throughout the length of thecar-underframe, cross beams supported on the sides of the car andsupporting the center beam or center beams.

19. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the sides, incombination with the cross-beams, the drop-doors titted between andhinged midway of said cross beams and a floor-plate extending the fulllength of the car, substantially as described.

20. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the underframe composedof rectangularly-arranged sides and beams,having stop flanges, incombination with drop-doors having their tops in the plane of saidflanges and therewith constituting the floor of the car, substantiallyas described.

21. The car-underframe, comprising the side girders, in combination withthe crossbeams joining them, the articulated center girder joining saidbeams and the doors closing the spaces between said girders,substantially as described.

22. The underframing for a freight and dump car, comprising the side andcenter girders, in combination with the body-bolsters, the end girders,the intermediate beams all extending from side girder to side girder andthe series of doors extending from end to end of the underfrarne thuscomposed, substantially as described.

23. The parallel side girders, in combination with a plurality ofcross-beams, two of which are body-bolsters, and the drop-doorssupported by said cross-beams and ultimately supported by said sidegirders and the bolsters, substantially as described.

24:. A combined freight and dump car having a straight and level floorextending from end to end of the car and substantially wholly composedof a plurality of doors, arranged to be dropped away from the sides ofthe car to discharge the contents of the car throughout the wholecar-bottom, substantially as described.

25. A combined freight and dump car, comprising suitable sides and ends,in combination with a plurality of cross beams or girders, extendingbetween said sides, a plurality of drop-doors suitably hinged upon saidoross beams, said cross-beams and said sides being provided with narrowoverhanging floor- 45 flanges and said doors closing tightly beneath andagainst said flanges, substantially as described.

26. A combined freight and dump car, comprising the parallel sidegirders, in combina- 5 tion with the transverse girders connecting themand supported thereby, the horizontal stop-flanges provided upon saidsides, the longitudinal floor plate, the transverse floorplates uponsaid girders and the doors, hinged 55 upon said girders and providedwith projecting strengthening-flanges, closing the joints between theside flange and said plates and the doors, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 60 my hand this 28th day ofJanuary, 1903.

ARTHUR LIPSCHUTZ.

Witnesses:

GHAs. A. HIDDLE, E. J. LANGTRIN.

